Has the law proven effective regulating the banking industry or are the limits of a bankers business too complex to be laid down by the law.

Introduction It will be determined in this study whether the limits of a bankers business can ever be laid down by the law or whether a bankers business should in fact be left undefined. This will be done in light of the recent financial crisis so that a determination can be made as to whether banking law has proven effective in regulating bankers or whether unnecessary risk are still being taken. In doing so, the powers and responsibilities of the Financial Services Authority (FSA) will be examined in order to decide whether the activities currently being undertaken by the FSA are sufficient enough to regulate the financial market. Literature Review The main objectives of a bank is to provide financial services to individuals and organisations by allowing money to be either borrowed or deposited whilst at the same time acting as a means for credit to be created. Nevertheless, given the complexity of the modern banking business, it seems as though a lack of regulation exists which is especially evident in light of the recent financial crisis. This is because; banks appear to have taken extortionate risks without any intervention which is highly detrimental to both the economy and consumers. It is quite difficult to determine what a bankers business should consist of, however, which is why great difficulty remains when trying to assess how they ought to be regulated. And, although some attempt to define a bankers business has been made by the courts; Commissioners of the State Savings Bank of Victoria v Permwan & Anor (1914) 19 CLR 45 and United Dominions Trust Ltd v Kirkwood [1966] 1 QB 783 a bankers business still remains ill-de fined. It is unclear whether a bankers business should be laid down by the law, however, since the activities undertaken by banks are often to wide-ranging to classify. This would impose too much restriction on banks and certain activities would be prevented from being undertaken; Woods v Martins Bank (1959) 1 QB 55. Despite this, it is important that some form of restriction is in place so that unnecessary risks are avoided. This was highlighted by Benston and Kaufman (1996, p. 1) when they pointed out that; â€Å"to protect our money, banks should not be allowed to take great risks that might cause them to fail.† Therefore, some restrictions are needed so that banks are not free to do as they wish as this would be extremely damaging to the economy. The Financial Services Authority (FSA) was in fact introduced in order to regulate the activities of bankers, yet it remains arguable whether this has been successfully achieved. This is because, although the FSA has been provided with s tatutory powers under the Financial Services and Markets Act (FMSA) 2000 to regulate the financial services industry more effectively, given the recent financial crisis, it is questionable just how efficient the FSA is. However, as noted by the FSA themselves; â€Å"as a risk-based regulator, our approach is based on a clear statement of the realistic aims and limits of regulation.† Not all agree with this, however, and instead it has been argued that the FSA are no longer relevant in today’s society (House of Commons Treasury Committee, 2009, p. 4). In view of this, it has thus been noted by Awrey that; â€Å"perhaps most glaringly, conventional financial theory failed to adequately account for the complexity of modern financial markets and the nature and pace of financial innovation.† This signifies how the FSA have been unable to keep up-to-date with the advances that are continuously being made within society and that further regulatory procedures are thereby required if the banking industry is to be restored to an acceptable state. Modern financial markets thereby appear to complex for the FSA and so it is important that more stringent regulatory practices are instilled upo n the banking industry so that banks do not abuse their powers and responsibilities. Proposed Methodology In acquiring the relevant information for this study, various academic opinion, case law and legal theory will be analysed. These will be acquired by accessing text books, journal articles, governmental reports and online legal databases. Secondary research will be the main forma of research used for this assignment so that existing data can be collected and analysed in order to reach a conclusion. This will be a more cost effective and time saving way of undertaking the research, which is applicable for this assignment given the difficulty in obtaining primary research from large organisations such as the FSA. Quantitative and qualitative research methods will be used so that information can be gathered that is in numerical form, whilst also gathering information that is not in numerical form but which contains descriptive data. Outline of the WorkOverview of the Banking Industry A brief overview of the banking industry will be provided here in order to determine the main objectives of bankers and the effects in which their activities can have on the economy.Powers and Responsibilities of Bankers It will be considered here whether a bankers business can be defined by the law or whether the activities are too complex to be defined.Regulation of the Banking Industry An evaluation as to whether the banking industry ought to be regulated more efficiently will be made by looking at the existing regulatory procedures and considering whether they have so far been effective or whether more needs to be done in order to prevent further financial crisis’ from arising.Financial Services Authority’s Powers and Responsibilities The powers and responsibilities of the FSA will be considered in order to determine whether additional powers ought to be conferred upon the FSA or whether modern banking is too compl ex to enable the FSA to regulate financial activities. Thus, it will be shown that whilst banking activities do remain complex, the FSA should still be provided with the ability to regulate the banking industry so that a robust system is in place. If the activities of bankers were not was in needed so that any problems that are likely (FSA, 2009, p. 5). Hence, it is vital that the risks taken by bankers are severely limited since much ambiguity would ensue if restraints were not being imposed upon the financial sector and as noted by Johnston (1960, p. 347; â€Å"the difficulty is increased by the fact that banking, like other forms of business, continues to develop and expand its activities to meet its competitors and provide wider services for the public with the result that any attempt to squeeze the concept into the confines of a definition may prove successful today but inadequate tomorrow.†Are the Powers and Responsibilities of the FSA acceptable in today’s soci etyHere, it will be discussed whether the powers and responsibilities of the FSA are acceptable in today’s society where modern banking is more complex than ever. Hence, it will be shown that the FSA has come under much scrutiny since the financial crisis was first instigated, yet rather than taking a step back, the FSA need to take a more interventionist approach so that future financial crisis’ can be prevented. It has thereby been said that the FSA should investigate â€Å"how financial services firms manage their Information Security Risks; how these risks are evolving; the risks they pose to our objectives; and the role industry and government bodies play in assisting regulated firms to address these Information Security Risks† (FSA, 2004, P. 3). If a more interventionist approach is undertaken by the FSA, financial crimes similar to those that caused the economic crisis will be more easily identified and therefore dealt with appropriately. Strong financial crime deterrent messages[1] will also be sent out by the FSA and financial crime will inevitably be reduced. References Awrey, D. (2011) Complexity, Innovation and the Regulation of Modern Financial Markets, Harvard Business Law, Oxford Legal Studies Research Paper No 49/2011, [Online] Available: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1916649 [14 February, 2013]. Benston, G. and Kaufman, G., (1996) Why Regulate Banks, Res, [Online] Available: http://www.res.org.uk/society/mediabriefings/pdfs/1996/July/benston.pdf [13 February 2013]. FSA. (2004). Countering Financial Crime Risks in Information Security, Financial Crime Sector Report, [Online] Available: www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/fcrime_sector.pdf [14 February, 2013]. FSA., ‘Delivering a Reduction of Financial Crime’ (2011) FSA Annual Report 2011/12, [Online] Available: www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/annual/ar11-12/section5.pdf [14 February, 2013]. FSA. (2009) The Turner Review; A Regulatory Response to the Global Banking Crisis, Financial Services Authority, [Online] Available: http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/turner_review.pdf [14 February, 2013]. FSA., (2012) What we Do: Regulatory Approach, Financial Services Authority, [Online] Available: http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/about/what/approach/index.shtml [13 FEBRUARY, 2013]. House of Commons Treasury Committee. (2009) Banking Crisis: Dealing with the Failure of UK Banks, Seventh Report of Session 2009-09, Report Together with Formal Minutes, HC 416, [Online] Available: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmselect/cmtreasy/416/416.pdf [14 February, 2013]. Johnston, C. C. (1960) Judicial Comment on the Concept of Banking Business. 2 Osgoode Hall 347. [1] FSA., ‘Delivering a Reduction of Financial Crime’ (2011) FSA Annual Report 2011/12, fsa.gov.uk/pubs/annual/ar11-12/section5.pdf> [Accessed 20 August, 2012].

Feminism in the Handmaid’s Tale Essay

Some would argue that Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale is a book that pulls its ideas and beliefs about women and their place in society from the Bible. But based upon the novel, the Bible, and some writings by Christian writers, that is true, but highly skewed. Let’s begin by taking a look at how society is setup in The Handmaid’s Tale so we can have a clear understanding where the author is coming from. The whole premise is that women have lost all power, freedom, choice, and equality and are instead deemed either suitable for slave/maid type work or bearing children. Girls are taken to Rachel and Leah Re-education center, or the red center, as the girls living there knew it, and â€Å"indoctrinated† or brainwashed into the ideologies of the government and taught that their only role is to conceive children. They are also told that the structure of this society (Gilead) is better for women, more respectful and safe. Offred, the main character in the novel has a very monotonous and strict routine everyday that consists of shopping for the commander, the man of the house, and visiting the doctor frequently to be checked, and then undergo the ceremony. This ceremony is the emotionless, speechless sex that she has with commander in order to bear children because of the sudden drop in reproduction in the past society. Now that we have the groundwork laid, lets look at a couple ways they skew the role of women from what it is meant to be according to the Bible. The ceremony that they participate in includes reading from the Bible before engaging in sex. The only problem with that whole idea, is that they only read a small passage of one book every time, that speaks about a barren women urging her husband to lie with her servant so they may have a child. The problem with this is that it’s taken completely out of context. The backstory to Rachel, the barren woman, is that Jacob was supposed to be married to her after working for her father for seven years, but instead Laban, the father, gives his older daughter Leah to lie with Jacob. When he discovers he was tricked he tells Laban he will work another seven years if he can have Rachel as his wife. Because God saw that Rachel was much more loved than Leah, he made Rachel barren and blessed Leah with four children. This is why Rachel asked Jacob to lie with a servant girl; she was envious of her sister Leah (The Holy Bible ESV, Gen. 29-30). The way it is portrayed in the novel is just as a source of reason. The commander and the government need a way to convince women of society that what they are doing is good and it is what they are designed to do. The Bible also speaks in Genesis how man and woman were created in God’s image and how both are equally valuable. Women in Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale are not at all treated equal. Wayne Grudem says it well in his book Bible Doctrine, †¦and Paul emphasizes, â€Å"In the Lord, woman is not independent of man nor man of woman; for woman was made from man, so now man is born of woman† Both men and women are equally important; both depend on each; both are worthy of honor† (201). This quote really shows how incorrect the society of Gilead has interpreted the Bible and also how poorly they have viewed women. They claim the safest way to protect the women is to restrict all their rights and give them the opportunity of one of three positions in society, which of those three, they do not even get to select. There are few instances in the novel that represent love, affection, or care; and this would be in the previous world and then between Offred and Nick and even that is a lot of physical affection more than true love. The Bible clearly states in Ephesians 5, â€Å"Husbands, love your wives, as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her†¦ In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church† (Eph. 5). This whole idea is nowhere near represented in The Handmaid’s Tale. The commander is married to the wife almost as a status. He has total authority over her and because she is barren they do not even sleep together. To bare child, he lies with the Handmaid, and to have pleasure, he visits Jezebels, which is a strip club. Which brings up another point in which prostitution and pornography were two of the major staples in the State’s philosophy of keeping women protected, yet they still have clubs that the men visit to enjoy themselves. Some may argue that there is biblical text to support everything that was done, such as Titus 2:5, which states â€Å"†¦women are to be submissive to their own husbands† (Titus. 2. ). This verse is said amongst many other actions women should portray towards their husbands, but it is originally meant, all out of love for their husband and ultimately for their love of Christ. Gilead believes having authority over everyone’s lives and particularly complete control of women. This just one more example of the misconstrued biblical reference portrayed how they see fit. This whole concept of people pulling verses out of context and twisting them to what they want is why so many people have a hard time believing in the truth. It has been so misinterpreted to what people want to believe or how people want others to believe. Gilead’s focus is on reproduction, order, control, and power. They have just found a way to use religion as a tool for their own plans, and in doing so have butchered the entire meaning of the device they are using. One more example of this is through other biblical references in the language. The entire book uses a variety of religious or Biblical language which includes but is not limited to: soldiers being called angels, the domestic servants are called Marthas, the store Milk and Honey, and even vehicles carry religious terms such as behemoth or chariot. These terms are used to help solidify the State’s justification for their actions. Using Biblical terms allows them to continue to preach that everything they do is to protect and serve according to the Bible. Again the problem is that they pull what they want from context and don’t use it according to how the original author intended it for the original audience, or how God meant for us to live. Margaret Atwood wrote a great novel describing what life could be like; if suddenly all women were subject to men’s rule and forced to live under such rigid conditions due to society’s prior downturn. Although the basis of Gilead, and it’s ideas and beliefs were high misinterpreted passages and references of biblical text. As previously stated, if someone is going to use biblical and historical references to support a cause or form a governing society, they must have the facts straight. This means using them in context, and for the original intended purpose. Not changing them or falsifying them to fit your ideas and beliefs.

Electrical design for a new leisure centre Essay

Electrical design for a new leisure centre - Essay Example Thirdly, the system design is justifiable because of the quality of lighting that comes from the bulbs and tubes provided. The brightness of the various lights and the colors are friendly to the eyes of the customers in the Leisure centre. The transmission voltage ranges are low, ranging from 2 kV to 35 KV because of the step down and step up transformers within the power system of distribution. Combined centre and the Ice rink areas consume more power units than the rest of the leisure centre. The final justification of the power distribution system design was that the continuous monitoring of the electric meters and circuit breakers. There are primary distribution lines, which carry the medium voltage power to the distribution transformers at the customer premises. Voltage is lowered to the utilization voltage through the transformers to suit the house hold appliances. At this voltage, power is transmitted through the secondary distribution lines. Residential and commercial customers are connected to the secondary distribution line while non-residential buildings and customers demanding larger amounts of power are connected to the primary distribution lines. Leisure centers have a large electrical load than residential buildings; therefore, electrical equipment installed should be more robust and larger. Leisure center’s owners should purchase electricity at large voltages since it comes in a cheaper rate. Owners, in this case, provide and maintain their own step-down transformer mounted in a transformer room inside the building or on a pad outside the room. . This is made to ensure the reduction of volta ges to their required levels. Electricity is therefore transmitted to switchgear, whose role is to distribute electricity efficiently and safely to various electrical closets within the building. Safety features contained in the switchgear include circuit breakers. In this system, circuit breakers allow power disruptions downstream, which may

The United States Economic Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The United States Economic - Term Paper Example It is thus important to analyze the macroeconomic causes and implications of price increase of commodities, collapse of the housing market and the ensuing financial turmoil. Main Body The global economy is currently in the grip of the maximum macroeconomic uncertainty in the last 25 years because prices of major commodities such as corn, coal, natural gas and oil have been consistently increasing in being triggered partly by the rapid increase in demand in developing countries such as China and India. However the prices in the housing sector, especially in the US have been declining. Housing prices in the US have fallen by almost 25 percent in relation to the 2006 peak period. The consequent financial turbulence that overwhelmed the world economy after September 2007 continues to retain its intensity in adversely impacting several sectors in the US economy. Although a number of economic forces have worked in creating this adverse macroeconomic situation, the two main causes have been the increase in the prices of basic commodities and the quick weakening of the housing market. ... Prices rose sharply because of many reasons but primarily due to the increasing demand for oil in many developing countries, even while prices of other commodities were rising. It is noteworthy that during the last 20 years global oil demand and consumption has increased considerably. For instance, consequent to the economic downturn in 2008, there was a decline in demand for oil in the US and in many European countries, but the decline was equalized by increased demand for the commodity in countries such as India, Middle East and China. In the US, factors such as poor crop yield, macroeconomic volatility and supply disruption appeared to have contributed in worsening the movement of prices (Jones, 2008). Another major macroeconomic shock to the US has been the large scale decline in housing prices that have been declining since 2006. Housing demand in the US was fuelled by demand created by the new economies of the late 1990s, by low interest rates during the initial years of the 20 00s and because of the constant loosening of lending policies. In view of such artificially created economic circumstances, housing prices in the US rose drastically prior to 2006 but soon started declining and by 2008 had declined by 20 percent. The beginning of the financial turmoil and America’s economic woes lies in the position of its housing market after 2006. People were attracted by low interest rates, flexible lending norms and by the perceptions that housing prices will continue to increase. As a result, large number of subprime borrowers who did not meet the credit standards in terms of credit record and application requirements were allowed to take credit and to buy homes. It is on record that during

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Perceptions of Different Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Marketing Spotlight of Sony Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Organisational Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

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Kraft Foods Essay Example for Free

Kraft Foods Essay Kraft Foods is an extremely well recognized brand that provides a vast array of food and beverage products with the ultimate goal â€Å"to become North America’s best food and beverage company† (Kraft, 2014). Critical analysis of Kraft Foods mission, vision and values statements revealed some necessary changes to enhance organizational success. Kraft Foods will become the top in their industry by continuing to develop and sell products tailored to their consumers needs/demands. Assisting consumers to make healthy life choices is part of their dedication to stakeholders. Through incentives and rewards employees will remain dedicated, motivated and have pride in Kraft Foods products thereby increasing financial growth. Kraft Foods understands that contributing to the community is essential for lasting success. Actively protecting natural resources will leave a huge footprint and legacy for Kraft Foods.  Kraft Foods mission statement is very generic and broad in nature. By narrowing and focusing this goal they will guarantee their future success. The vision and values statements are well written and invoke memories and emotions from their stakeholders thereby drawing them to Kraft Foods. Introduction Since its establishment in 1903 Kraft Foods has become a well respected household name (Kraft Foods, 2014). Over the last century Kraft Foods has bought out many of their competitors and expanded their line of products, keeping them as one of the top food and beverage companies in the nation (Kraft Foods). In order to remain successful and accomplish their mission  it is imperative their business statements accurately reflect their vision and values. In this paper the author will discuss the mission, vision and values of Kraft Foods and how these powerful statements contribute to their overall success in the industry. Mission Statement Analysis Every organization should present a powerful clearly articulated statement as to why their organization exists (McNamara, 2009). This statement should convey to outside stakeholders the benefits of conducting business together to increase chances of financial success. Kraft Food’s mission statement reads â€Å"our aim is to be North America’s best food and beverage company† (Kraft Foods, 2014). Kraft Food’s mission statement is very simple, generic and lacks sufficient depth, especially given the size of the Kraft Foods organization. Mission statements should include strong powerful words that articulate and enunciate an organization, resulting in a memorable impression that remains on the forethought of all the stakeholders (Ramjee, n.d.). A mission statement is short term future goals and it is therefore imperative that organizations readdress their mission statements from time to time (Rector, 2010). With all the health phenomenon concerns in North America it is pivotal Kraft Foods continue to reevaluate their mission and re-strategize as needed to remain on the top of their industry and draw new clientele to their organization. The ability to use different marketing strategies, seize different opportunities will draw new stakeholders to Kraft Foods thereby ensuring mission success and financial growth. Vision Statement Analysis An efficient and effective vision statement is a powerful tool that paints a vivid picture while describing how an organization is going to accomplish their mission (McNamara, 2009). This one statement can convey power, confidence and inspire stakeholders (Change Factory, 2014). A vision statement takes into consideration an organizations market, customers, strengths and weaknesses in order to enhance themselves (Change Factory). Kraft Foods vision statement reads â€Å"we’ll get there by continuing to offer products consumers love, creating a performance-based culture that motivates  and excites employees and becomes the best investment in the industry† (Kraft Foods, 2014). With this simple sentence Kraft Foods inspires, motivates and invokes memories from their stakeholders. Painting a vivid picture for stakeholders invokes emotions from past experiences. These memorable impressions stay with stakeholders and they are therefore more likely to support Kraft Foods. This influential statement also describes the most cherished values, services and vision of the future thereby allowing stakeholders to determine if their personal values meet up with that of Kraft Foods future and if investment in this organization is beneficial (Crea, n.d.). Another aspect of vision statements is the ability to state realistic outcomes (Millard, 2010). Realistic outcomes are imperative as they motivate employees and help them focus on something bigger than themselves (Millard). Meeting these goals, â€Å"offering products consumers love† enhances dedications, motivation and pride, which will further enhance Kraft Foods success (Kraft Foods, 2014). The vision statement for Kraft Foods is well articulated, creates a vision of the future company, invokes emotions and draws stakeholders to the organization. Values Statement Analysis In addition to mission and vision statements a values statement will enhance an organizations chance of future success. A values statement is the core of an organization and what values they cherish (Edmunds, 2014). It defines how employees will behave and how actions and behaviors will be evaluated (Edmunds). A values statement reveals how an organization values not only their customers, but suppliers, shareholders and stakeholders (Edmunds). At Kraft Foods their values statement reads to â€Å"make a difference in communities, protect greatest resources – land, air, water, people, educate and motivate to make healthful choices, food safety and quality, and workplace safety† (Kraft Foods, 2014). It is essential a values statement identify and address the organizational values in a clear concise manner so every stakeholder knows and understands what will be tolerated within the organization. The clear writing of Kraft Foods vision statement allows people to contribute to something bigger then themselves. An added benefit of a values statement is rewards and recognitions are structured around this  statement and those employees who embrace the organizational values are identified and rewarded (Edmunds). This statement tells shareholders how the organization hires and promotes individuals and demonstrates that Kraft Foods external suppliers are in alignment with the organizations values, thus enhancing bonds of trust and respect. Alignment of Goals/Needs with Stakeholders Interests The mission, vision and value statements all work together to define an organization. Additionally these statements need to address the goals and needs of the shareholders and stakeholders thereby insuring future investors. Through their business statements Kraft Foods specifically addressed four stakeholder needs they hope to meet. Kraft Foods addresses consumers by focusing on â€Å"quality, safe food that consumers love† in their vision and values statements (Kraft Foods, 2014). Additionally Kraft Foods values statement discusses their dedication to helping North Americans â€Å"make healthy food choices† (Kraft Foods). Their dedication is also evident by the accumulation of healthy name brands products, such as Back to Nature granola (Kraft Foods). The values statement of Kraft Foods also addresses the organizations dedication to â€Å"making a difference in the community† (Kraft Foods, 2014). Kraft Foods is leaving a positive impression, huge footprints and taking massive strides â€Å"to make the world a better place with every action they take† (Kraft Foods). This is apparent by their dedication to food drives aimed at fighting hunger, providing humanitarian support, building playgrounds, and planting gardens (Kraft Foods). Kraft Foods also addresses their employees, one of the biggest stakeholders, in their business statements. Employees at Kraft Foods are â€Å"treated with respect, provided a safe work environment, and encouraged to do great things† (Kraft Foods, 2014). This organization understands that success is dependent on motivated, driven and dedicated employees that take pride in their work. Additionally, through their business statements Kraft Foods is telling the outside world about their employee commitment thus developing respect from the community, industry and other stakeholders. Kraft Foods understands that in order to be successful a strong cooperate governance must be establish to help balance the needs of shareholders and stakeholders (Kraft Foods, 2014). â€Å"Kraft Foods Board of Directors believe effective corporate governance provides a strong framework to assist them in upholding their fiduciary responsibilities to shareholders and promote long term success of the organization† (Kraft Foods). Improvements of the Company Statements Kraft Foods is one of the largest organizations in North America and it is essential their business statements accurately reflect their dedication and drive to succeed. Although admirable, Kraft Foods mission statement is very generic and lacks the special connection to draw stakeholders to the organization. In comparing McNamara’s list of criteria for a well written mission statement Kraft Foods falls short (2009). This statement is not powerful, not memorable, does not discuss growth and profit sufficiently and does not target specific clientele (McNamara). Additionally their goals are extremely far reaching and unattainable. The mission statement needs to be more focused in order to keep stakeholders motivated and driven for success. The vision statement is well written and invokes emotions and memories from stakeholders while also being descriptive in how they will achieve success. Millard states vision statements should be clear, memorable, realistic and discuss positive outcomes (2010). Kraft Foods addresses each one of these criteria in their vision statement. This powerful statement draws stakeholders to the organization and makes they want to be a part of the success. It is the author’s opinion that Kraft Foods values statement clearly articulates the values Kraft Foods cherishes. This statement motivates people to join the Kraft Foods team and become part of something bigger. Kraft Foods is dedicated to leaving a lasting impression and legacy not only with consumers but the environment and this is clearly communicated in their values statement. Conclusion Developed in 1903 Kraft Foods has become one of North America top brands. Through their mission, vision and values statement Kraft Foods is able to communicate to stakeholders why the organization exists, where they are going in the future, how they will get there and their dedication to the world around them. Although some adjustments can be made to their mission statement, overall these statements are clearly written and draw stakeholders to Kraft Foods by invoking their emotions, memories and values. References Change Factory. (2014). The Components of a Good Vision Statement. Change Factory.Retrieved July 13, 2014 from http://www.changefactory.com.au/our-thinking/articles/thecomponents-of-a-good-vision-statement/ Crea, T. (n.d.). A Good Mission Statement. All About Leadership. Retrieved July 13, 2014 fromhttp://www.all-about-leadership.com/good-mission-statement.html Edmunds, S. (2014, May 6). What is a Value Statement? EHow. Retrieved July 12, 2014 fromhttp://www.ehow.com/about_5063071_value-statement_.html Kraft Foods. (2014). Retrieved July 12, 2014 fromhttp://www.kraftfoodsgroup.com/home/index.aspx McNamara, C. (2009). Developing a Mission Statement. Management Library Online. RetrievedJuly 12, 2014 from http://managementhelp.or/strategicplanning/mission-visiom-vales.htm Millard, S. (2010, December 7). Characteristics of Mission and Vision Statements. University ofHawai’i Hilo. Retrieved July 10, 2014 fromhttp://hilo.hawaii.edu/strategicplan/documents/SPC18_10_Mission_and_Vision .pdf Rector, B. (2010, April 18). Clear, Concise Mission Statements. Memphis Business Journal.Retrieved July 10, 2014 fromhttp://www.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2010/04/19/smallb2.html Ramjee, P. (n.d.). The Important of Making a Good First Impression in Business. Chron SmallBusiness. Retrieved July 13, 2014 from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importancemaking-good-firstimpression-business-23065.html

Retail business in the UK high street

Retail business in the UK high street This report explaining UK electrical Curry market and comparing with other retailer. Here with discussing how curry becomes leading electronic goods seller? Explaining what is the method, model Curry electrical retailer using to success the business. This project evaluating retailer STP, Consumer behavior and describing what are the complicated issues curry facing? How Currys supporting customer relation fashionable strategy to increase the business profit? All are going to be evaluating and discussing in the below report. The retail business played as important role in the UK high street, all shopper and customer are searching for specific items in the high street which require retailer should keep specialty good products with lesser cost. Shoppers do not buy the products as a way the retailer mentioned, The retail business model or framework that support to the business activity and the business strategy support the retailer to sell the best products in the high street competition market. A variety of retailer market going out of fashion due to the market trend and consumer buying behavior. The business strategy sets how the retailer defines and differentiates their products in the modern fashion world. The fashion of the nature in retailing is vastly researched (Tether, 2005), Across UK Vat increase recession problem affect the UK money value, this situation affects the high street retailer business. In UK high street Retailer use to sell the goods or commodities to businesses or consumers, the retailer use to buy the product in the huge quantities from the manufacturers at wholesale price and apply to sells those products to consumers in sellable price. The many high street top level retailers focusing on the new fashionable strategy which affects the small medium level business. The new best retailer company according to the situation restructuring their management, reviewing of their philosophies, motivations in an effective way. The idea of a retailer product lifecycle proposed initially by Levitt (1965) and later developed inside a retail situation in the 1970s (Davidson and Johnson, 1981). In this report investigating how retailer, electrical sector going out of fashion in the high street, and describes how Currys electrical business related to the external environment, marketing strategy, consumer behavior. The retailing structure typically exists in innovative, low price segments. The middle level retailers cant deliver good value compare to the big level competitors (Levy et al., 2005). Currys is the main retailer shop, which sells electrical devices, home appliances in the high street. Currys delivers best house hold products in the modern rate throughout the UK. Due to the High Street retailer competition in the festival time such as Christmas, New Year the consumer buying power varies from shop to shop. MAIN BODY: The High street shops all are the popular offering shops which we can support to access the entire product quickly with the flexible rate. The biggest high street retailers are facing lot difficulties in the fashionable situation. Each shop selling the product in the reasonable rate using different strategy. The Tesco shop is the famous high street retailer shop offers electrical goods, videos and DVDs, personal finance items. The Comet electrical shop is available in the high street which has good house hold appliances and electronics entertainment items. The Argos is the main home shopping place which available in the high street and use to sell product in the lesser cost. WH Smith contains Videos, DVDs, Magazines and Stationery. PC World is the computer based electronics shop support to customer to buy computer software and hardware accessories. HMVs retailer supporting to user to purchase legal videos, DVDs in the lower price. Currys is the biggest electrical retailer support to sell white and brown goods. Currys Retail: Currys is the main retailer which sells electrical goods in UK Ireland. Henry Curry founded Currys on 1884 and really developed on 1927 by Henrys Sons. Currys is one of the important retailer shops in UK which sells electrical items and household items, and located in high street. Currys is the main biggest retailer shop and its main competitor Comet. Currys use to sell much an electrical items and also many computing products. Due to competition most of the store closed and few shop reported as sales less, After rebranding Dixons to Currys.digital sales was not increased , Now a days due to the recession, Global economy down affected many more retailer shop and consumer this cause business profit. Here with we will be analyzing and critically evaluating the external environment for the retailer Currys market such as white and brown products and this internal audit performance. This project analyzing Curry electrical item buying behavior, strengths weakness implementing different s trategies. RETAIL EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT: External Environment: External business environment is the main decision element to achieve the business in the retailer to concentrate on the customer and the high street people. The external environment providing the productivity, performance for the company. If any business wants to success in the competition market environment analysis is important and mandatory. Curry electrical shop provides the best product in the lesser price and fulfill the benefits to the customer according to the business environment. The business environment differentiates from the micro level and the macro level. The Micro environment customer, materials, employees, suppliers, share holders and the media are the internal factors which related to the business performance. The Macro environment will affect managers to make the proper decision for the organization. The political, economical, social, technical, environmental and legal key factors provides best analyze solution for the electrical retail managers to select the best market for their business growth. The fashionable High street business supporting to the all people who likes to buy reasonable product with the reasonable price. The political environment supports the retailer business with the commerce and trade policy. The effect of the political decision makes the electrical shop to follow the UK rules and regulation. The Curry shop selling the right electronics and home usable items, and adding vat to their customer according to the commerce policy. The customer expectation products are imported from the different countries following trade rules. The Economical factor is most important for the retailer shop which supports to sell competitive price in the customer and keep enough stock to the customer. Past few years inflation affected in many business and currys keep maintaining the finance and controlling to improve the business in different location. The last five years huge competition occurred in electrical markets to make and sells better electronic goods and home used items in the high street. Social factor such as life style and modern trend impacts the retailer business, Curry doing the market research , analyzing social culture time to time in the different UK location, Its finds where and when need to sell the expected items in their different branches into the variant life. Technologically Retail e-Business supporting to view the electronic products and the house hold items, the customer use to view the electronic shop details through internet for the quick reference, users can able to find which high street shop has the better prices items with offer or with lesser price. The Curry electronic shop website has the modern features to communicate with customer. Environmental factor is the major impact for the High street business. According to the Curry environmental factor support to the customer according to the season. The winter season major affect for the retailer business, Ex the Curry electronic shop winter season business use to get dull. While snow time the customer purchasing capability use to get reduce. The Legal option such as different religion function impacts the high street retailer business. The government rules and restriction makes curry to sell specific electronics item which is legally sellable to everyone. The money transaction and buying items from the credit card, debit card or loan system follows the legal procedure. MARKET ANALYSIS: The strategy analysis is the main proper definition for the market ( George, 1981), this is depend on the choice of the customer segments and this issues as the alternatives of the new information technologies, the all level of production of the market depend upon the consumer buying behavior. The market leader or supervisor recognize and provide the best ideas to make the business opportunities ( Thomas, 2004), This project find the important issues of the market which support for the customer to identify the best opportunity and fashionable electronics product in the high street. The Market analysis support to provide the quality product with the less cost in the fashionable competitive market. The market techniques very useful to analyze the markets situation and will support to the retailer to increase the business according to the changeable market. The retailer market research will identify the user needs and their expectation in the day to day activity. Market researchers crit ically evaluating the market data sources at their removal ( Reed Moyer, 1968). The Market size and value are identify from the market analysis and make the manager should do the proper decision to do better business in the UK high street. . UK RETAIL ELECTRICAL SECTOR: IN UK Retailing is one of the major profitable sectors which support the different range of stores from supermarkets to the small stores. The UK high street retailing effects the most of the operation and the retailers offer the major products to the buyer. The best supply chain suppliers effectively control the retailers business. The High Street electrical shop competition force curry to sell the product in the lower price with good market shares. The UK electrical retailer business competes in three main way such as Advertising, lower price sales with the good market shares. Currys Market researcher implementing the different marketing knowledge on their sales items which that support to create new strategies. The UK Curry electrical shop using SWOT, PEST, Porters 5 forces identifying the marketing strategy. White goods Major House hold appliances. Brown goods Audio, Photographic , games equipments. Grey goods information, Telephone and fax equipments. COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS: The Retailing competitive analysis affects the environment within particular area which related to the cost of the quality product, The retail sector is the innovative sector which makes always new activities and develop the best strategies. The retail sector keep increase and some time due to inflation few company closed their operations and few retailer company merged with other company. UK electrical retailer business are the main activity business supports to rich and poor people. The competitive analysis contain three generic such as Cost, differentiation, focus. Currys main aims to be the lowest cost producer within the industry in order to keep maintain the top electric sellable position in UK. The differentiation attributes mainly differentiate the Currys cometitors. RETAILER SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: UK Retailers are the dominant supply chain members over their activities are involved in to organizing, managing and controlling the electrical product supply activity. The retail markets logistics operation taken care through the warehousing and transport etc. The supply chain retail organization technological development support to increase the sales power of the retailer. The electric retailers distribution channel consider with the product time to market, time to respond. The curry retailers strategy fulfill the customers hope and reduce the price of the electrical products. The best supply chain management system for curry electrical shop effectively rise through the internet technologies. The internet business purchase reducing the high street competition and increasing the global sourcing, this exchange focused more concern for British manufacturers to attention on the supply costs. The British economy more related to the electrical business which makes better performance in t he high street supply. INTERNAL AUDIT FOR THE CURRYS: Sherer and Kent believe that internal audit is a system that ability to answer the financial condition and control for the organisation. The Audits main objective to analyse the business and control the risk of that business which makes to improve the efficiency of the business activities and the operating procedures in the management control. Curry Retail store audit managing the budget in the multiple high street location shop, the quantity of the data mainly support to make the audits. The store audit process managing the staffing and store operations. The traditional audit method prevent the paper work and using the analysis tool. The new technology enabling the self assessment program. The curry electrical shop using new audit tool which useful to enhance the productivity and improve reporting features. The British biggest electrical retailer Curry has the different supply chains problems such as some time stocking the wrong range of products very badly with make problem for the stores. The inadequate staff affects the business activity. In the recession time the staff of the company around loss their jobs and company share also got reduced on 2008. Due to the high street competition the huge market problem affected the business and redundancies increased due to the inflation. The one of the retailer executive Browett told The transform of the Dixons to the Currys shops are completely basic cultural shift which make electrical business become recognizable, and what it did today. Curry retail store audit function mainly challenged by the budget limitation and resources, The curries different business impacts, regulation are changing the fashionable technology to control the business information which audits the business stores. The curry retail business financial, HR department manages vast quantity of the business information which related to the retail audits. The new accounting and finance software like SAP, Microsoft Dynamics, SAGE supporting to the Currys digital shop to maintain the auditing. The new financial and regulatory process always limits the working man hours as well as employees manual calculation. The annual audit controls the internal unwanted process and audits the store operations and functions with the proper requirements. The Currys electrical internal auditing produce cost savings and get better the efficiency of the business. The self-assessment and the software technologies support the currys internal process. The automated electrical shop auditing more convenient for the investment section, The each electronics business audit process every year clear the balance and target the next financial year success. The house hold items and electronics items auditing section increase the operational improvement to report the retail business capability. CRITICALLY EVALUATING UK RETAILER : Dixons retail is the British company and one of the biggest company in Europe, this company initially known as Dixons store group which sells all electronics products and large domestic products, this company operates Currys, PC world , Currys.digital. This electronic shop sells mobile products, online digital product and childcare products. Dixons main competitors are Darty and Comet. Dixons origins from the small photographic place and located in all UK and Ireland and founded by Charles Kalms. Dixons removed on 2006 the brand in the high street and using Curry brand, it was branded as Curry.digital. The Curry technology focused consumer electronic product which support the all electronic business. In 2009 Currys named formed from the Currys.digital and it got new logo and started many high street branches. In Croydon sep 2010 the Curry PC world store opened. Curry has 295 superstores and nearly 73 high street stores in UK and Ireland. A Currys annual sale in 2004 is  £1.752 mln and  £ 1,852 mln in 2005. Now the Bristol store has the best turnover in the competitive business market. Currently Currys is the best popular electrical retailer shop and this main competitor is Comet. How retailer modify organization strategies which affect electrical retailing ? What are the key development happen in electrical retatiling in near future ? What are the important to producte drive the future growth in the Uk electrical market? Who are the best successful electrical retailers related to the strategies and growth ? Currys and PC World selling the good products prices. The PC world helping the customer to get more digital products. Improving the best services with the PC world and Currys is increasing the sales and its improve the task. The new effort of the UK electrical market perfoming better compare to Italy and other European market. The Browett told Itally DSGis business will grow after four years. Due to the recession nearly 40 different electrical store closed in UK and many of the shop underperforming due to the competition. The UK share price has down and the money value went down from the last few years. UK Marketing director Niall Okeefe said The Dixons largest electrical selection creates shopping exercise with megastore. Dixons opened with other better store with the combination of Currys and PC world. The retailer Currys information bought electrical devices from the different group of supplier, the applications like computers, printers, radios and phones. The White good products such as fridges, cookers, computers, phones, radios, washing machines, printers, fridges and many more new products are available in Currys. The Website Analysis is the main standard layouts which support for the business and keep all products in proper order in the flexible price. Currys main logo is very famous to support for the online and high street business. The website color theme support the user to choose best design, framework, and Currys website has red and white theme color to attract customer. The website is friendlier and support to find shop location in high street, supports to book the el ectrical product, easy to get customer support. SEGMENTATION, TARGETING POSITIONING: Earlier to launch a challenging electrical product or services to the market UK electric retailer using more efficiently and efficiently their resources. Currys adding more clearly market planning in the high street. Currys electrical shop increasing the opportunity to make effective customer relationship management. Currys increasing the opportunity to get the better competitive advantages. The basic model of the STP developed and maintained by Dibb (1998) and Kolter (2000). Segmentation is based on the growth of the reational adjustment of the product and the marketing effort to meet user demands. (Smith, 1957). Wright (2004) suggests some reasons that B2B markets require segmenting. These are applied to Curry electrical shop to identify the customer needs, to build and maintain the business competitive advantages. The Curry business market brings sales, profit and organizational success and identifying the new opportunities in different markets. Wright (2004) says that micro segmentation process making the best decision to manage the business. The UK Retail Curry Company seeks to position its brand at a exacting location within the embattled market segments ( Ries and Trout ,2001). Positioning calls the battle for the mind and how and where the electric service is positioned in the minds of customers will generate either success or failure. The key STP factors used in the UK electrical retailer market such as Geographic- destinations, Electrical retailer Types, Customer profile, Positioning within the market sector. Repositioning: The High street Electrical retailer companies have to be reactive to changing circumstances, and that may include repositioning their brands. Repositioning occur due to evolution of the company and brand. The former Dixon company joined with other electrical company, changing the societal conditions in currys different high street shop. MARKETING STRATEGY: PESTEL Electrical Goods Retail Political: The high street retail store warranty and guarantee sales support the business to sell the more products. The political energy conservation policy boost the electrical replacement markets. The new product markets political impact the digital TV , telecommunication , network business. Economic: The economic growth considered the sales. The consumer confidence increase the economic condition and perform the high street retailer market. Social Cultural Aspirations: The fashion and design support to the business growth. The competition cultural activity impact the high street electrical business. The mobile and entertainment products increase the retail business. The multiple entertainment products support the currys retailer business. Demographic structure: The older age group members usage of the entertainment buying power would be less compare to the growing young age education and entertainment product. The technological product Technology: The technological innovation support to create new model DVD player, Tvs, Computing, Mobile phone and house hold appliances. This feature support for the electronics shop performance, enhancement and will increase the ability of the fashion. The electrical product enhancement supporting to make vital growth. Environmental: The Energy environmental features is more important for the electrical shop , the recycling features bear the future cost and more related to the electrical business. CURRYS RETAILER SWOT: The concept of the SWOT analysis derives from the work of Andrews and others at Harvard University (Andrews,1986). The Currys electrical retail organizational analysis focuses on the inherent strengths and weaknesses within the organization. The Curry environmental analysis focuses on the external opportunities and threats that exist within the organization. Opportunities: The Curry electrical shop has the good brand name which support for the profitable business globally. Curry electronics items purchase and supply moving to globally via internet. The new technology support for the electrical business to growth. The Curry shop has the opportunity to introduce new technology product into the market. It has good opportunity to increase the branches in many high streets. Threats: Electrical high street business doesnt have significant involvement, The UK electrical retailers has the competition in the new white and brown goods. The other electrical shop Comet is the main threat for Curry. Due to the price war the Argos still selling the electronics goods in lesser price. Strengths: Currys is one of the largest electrical retailer shops in the UK and it has successful retail chain stores under its own brand. Currys shop has many different choice of electrical goods and house hold items with the lesser price. The company brand keep increasing business turnover compare to other electric store. Currys has all modern fashionable electronics items in easily accessible place. Weakness: The UK Currys electrical retail sales growths of 5.4% in to  £1.985m in 2006. The share of these Curries store sales is falled in each of the last 10 years, so currys closed 18 high street stores in UK. The inflation, recession affecting the retailer business. The huge competition in high street make down the business growth. CURRY PORTER FIVE FORCES: The Porters 5 forces analysis deals with the organisations influences the nature of the rivalry and force inside the company microenvironment that pressure the way in which firms contend and so the industrys likely productivity is conducted in Porters five forces model (Porter M., 1980). The Porter competition model implemented to the Currys Electrical retailer which include the rivalry between sellers, power exerted by the customer , potential threat of the new seller and threat of the substitute products. These forces gives organizations the necessary insight to enables them to plan the proper strategies to be victorious in the market (Thurlby, 1998). The Structural analysis of retailer industries is defined in five forces model, Using porters model we can able to identify Currys electrical store new products, services or business which have the potential for profitable. Ex: Currys Retailer shop: The popular electrical retailer shop in UK consider here from the standpoint of the five forces model. The threat of new entrants: The new entrants into a market creates new capacity with the objective of gaining market share. There are seven forces of barriers to entry i. Economic of scale ii. Capital requirements iii. Access to distribution channels iv. Cost disadvantages independent of scale iv Government policy.The deregulation and the development of the new high street Currys hop has the opportunities to start the new marketplace. However there are some product price significances is setting up and running on electrical business. The risk can be high, as various financial casualties over the past three years. The new branch office and new product have to balance the risk factor to enter the market. The Supplier power: The supply group can hold the bargaining power over buyer in some situations. The buyer point out supplier are not grateful to challenge with other replacement goods for sale to the industry (Groucuttet al. ,2004). There are various supplier for Curry electrical shop for house hold items and electrical items such as Sony, Dell, Hp, Samsung, Apple, IBM etc. The suppliers are supplying different items from Uk and other country. The Buyer Power: Buyers are particularly powerful within an industry and have the good power to create the competition among other suppliers. The buyer power conditions are i. Purchase large volumes related to the sellers sales. ii. customers face few switching costs iii. The company earns low profit iv. The buyer has full market industry information. Currys retail shop less cost product, house hold items offer or discounted fares buyers pwer increased. The level of buyer power is related to the amount of product sales. Threat of Substitutes: Products or Services can perform the same similar functions as the product or services already established within the organization. There are other way of purchase electronics goods in UK other than High street. Comet is one of the electronic business shop sells different house hold and electronic items, which is the main competitor for Currys . The highly efficient and cost effective substitute dependent on the availability. The Competitors: The three competitive advantages are cost, differentiation and focus, the competitive dimensions are segment scope, vertical scope, geographic scope and industrial scope. The marketing mix provides the edge. The three main generic strategies of cost, differentiation and focus and their variants. The Currys cost leadership support to provide lowest cost product. The differentiation strategy support the company to serve the attributes significantly differ from its competitor. The focus are two types i. Cost focus ii. Differentiation focus Ex: The Curry electrical store become a highly competitive market. This might not discourage new entrants if they believe competitive advantage through some form of focus or differentiation. CONSUMER BEHAVIOR: Consumer behavior is the main study which supports to the group of people purchase, services and satisfy their purchase. Consumers are the players to help the business to run, In addition consumer buy goods to use .Segmentation are one of the features, and Consumer separated according to much different scope according to the market. The online business support to the group of people to view the high street retailer products to register and purchase. The Consumer behavior is use to support the public policy issues and the culture. The dark side of the part is theft or damage. The consumer behavior disciplines categorized as individual consumer and the macro consumer group. The consumer is rational decision maker use to purchase the retailer products which contain good feature. Buying Behavior: Specific Needs and Buying behavior are strongly value personal accomplishment.(David, 1955) The most important needs are relevant to the Currys electrical consumer behavior includes Need for affiliation that means to be consumed as group, Need for power, Need for uniqueness. The Consumer Involvement defined as a persons needs, values, and interests (Measuring Marketing, 1985). The UK Culture has a set of values that imparts to its members. (Richard W. Pollay, 1983). Currys Consumer motivations are frequently determined by essential values. Each Culture is characterized by a set of main values. Life Style and Personalities: In the traditional societies one of the main consumption are family , class and caste but in the modern consumer society people are free to select the product , services and activities that communicated to others. The Life Style refers reflecting of persons choices of how she or he expense the money. In the economic sense allocation of income related to the allocation of income related to service and product (Benjamin D, 1976) The persons personalities are distinctive psychological behavior influences by the environment. The marketing strategies support to identify the people life style and differentiate the business success applied by the real life. The life style research analyzed in the small group and measure for the larger group. This lifestyle analyzes support for retailer to understand the customer outlook. A Lifestyle marketing perspective recognize that people class into groups on the basis of what they like , how they like to spend leisure time and their disposable income.(Zablocki and Kanter). The fashionable lifestyle increases the retail purchase activities, interests and opinions. Marketing Research: Marketing research is the process to find the information in the way of marketing , collecting, analyzing and reporting an organization. The marketing has the main objectives such as find the business problems and improve the sales. The high street people buying capability observe from the different strategy and using small samples, making the questionnaire , interviews supporting to analyze the research. The primary data collection such as survey, experiment, Mail telephone communication method very useful to gather information. The secondary data collection from the website, internet, books and different retail market articles support the business to find better solution for the future. The electrical marketing sales people and customers report support for the business growth. The festival and economy inflation survey research support the retailer to make better price for their customer. The quality , cost, services are the main marketing key factors whi

Personal development and study methods

Personal development and study methods Personal development and study methods help me to enhance self-development and build up individual personality. Besides that, it helps me to know more about myself and developed potential in the future. It helps me to improve my weaknesses and enhance the virtue by setting goal for the future. On the other hand, study methods can help me to improve my reading mistakes and get a better result in exam to achieve my goal in the future. I also improve self confidence and self-esteem in social skill from this subject. Before that, I am irresolute and less confidence in handling a task and make a decision in each part of life. But now, I become self-confidence to make decision in completing a task. (Mind Tools, 1995) Besides that, I also improve my self esteem in life. Before that, I have a low self esteem, always think negative and believe in negative comments. (Perera, 2002) I gives them impression feel without confidence to do something and negative influence on the decision making. But now, I have high self esteem by thinking positively and feel confidence to make a decision. (Perera, 2002) Besides that, I also learnt on thinking skill from PDSM. Before that, I always think negatively and emotional. But now, I know how to differentiate the advantage and disadvantage when I am thinking independently. I would open my mind to accept other opinions and make the correct decision. (qcda, 1993) Besides that, I will think logically for every decision made in order to achieve the task. (qcda, 1993) This subject teaches me to set up a personal career plan. It is to write down my proposed life agenda. (Answer.com, 2009) Before that, I never think about my life planning in future. But now, I know my objectives  and direction after I studied this subject. I will easily achieving my goal and I cant be hurry in taking any shortcut to achieve the goal by doing it randomly. I also have set up short term, middle term and long term goal separately to achieve it during period of time. I also learn the SWOT analysis to evaluate strategic planning method. (Answer.com, 2009) It will help me to overcome my weakness and develop my strength from internal and looking for opportunities and to occupy superiority in threat from external. (Wikipedia, 2009) In addition, PDSM also improve my personal skill such as listening skill and body language. Before that, after I listen lectures from lecturer, I cant understand what he taught. But now, I can understand the lesson. Besides that, I know the difference between hearing and listening. (Fodor, n.d.) After I study PDSM, my body language has improved. Before that, when I presenting something to them, they do not understand what I want to express. But now, I can present something by using verbal or non-verbal language to transmit a message to someone. (Mind Tools, 1995) I can attract my audience by using body language during my presentation. PDSM teach me how to improve my reading skills. So, I can read effectively by using the reading techniques. It is to determine objective, skim and scan through the text, and speed reading to understand the text. (Price and Maier, 2008) Now, I can read an article even more smoothly and faster than before. Besides that, I can understand meaning of phrases or sentences easily. It would help me improve my reading skills effectively for my degree study. I am learning about note making from PDSM. Note making is a technique to record important information effectively and recall it at any time. (Student and Community Services Unit, 1986) Before that, I am very confused when reading an article. But now, I am using note making technique to take down important information and memorize it easily. Besides that, it helps me to do revision more convenient and easily understand the content of an article. On the other hand, I will take notes in the class from lecturer. I can easily summarising and review the lesson base on the notes that I have made. (Jones and Mort, 1994) Other than that, I also learn about mind mapping in this subject. I would know how to make a mind map by using the notes. The note in a mind map is in order and clearly to analyze each part of the topic. It would help me easily to understand and have a direct vision for each part of the main topic. I can imagine the mind map by brainstorming and write down the notes and ideas easily. It helps me to remember each part of the ideas that I list down for examination and to overcome the information overload problem. (Mann, 2003) PDSM also teach me how to manage time. Before that, I always postpones my assignment until last minutes, thus I cant finish it. But after I learned the skill, I can overcome procrastination and manage time well. I am able to hand up my assignment on time. Besides that, I can plan and manage time usage more elastic in setting priorities by assigning and making decision between urgent and important criteria. (Haughey, 2000) In addition, I can set my personal goals via using S.M.A.R.T. principle to achieve lifetime goal in the future. (Haughey, 2000) Besides that, I also study learning method in PDSM. Before that, I do not know where I want to start on learning each subject. After I studied this subject, it helps me to find a ways to improve my study by the types of learning situations. For examples, I can discuss with classmates in tutorial and ask questions on lecturer. I will listen lectures from lecturer idea, recorded the notes and discuss with my classmates. I will know and understand the learning outcomes as a result on each courses of study. (Khathijah, 2004) I will manage my study and improve as well and enhance the quality of learning. (Khathijah, 2004) In conclusion, PDSM helps me in studying skills, personality and self-development. It will help me to become a successful person and as a student in the future. Reference: Mind Tools, 1995, Building Self-Confidence: Develop the Self-Confidence You Deserve!, Mind Tools Industry, Available from http://www.mindtools.com/selfconf.html, Last Accessed 25th July 2009. Perera, K, 2002, What is Self Esteem?, More-Selfesteem.com Company, Available from http://www.more-selfesteem.com/whatisselfesteem.htm, Last Accessed 25th July 2009. qcda, 1993, Developing skills: Thinking skills, Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency Company, Available from http://www.qcda.gov.uk/1841.aspx, Last Accessed 24th July 2009. Answer.com, 2009, What is Your Personal Career Plan?, Answers Corporation Company, Available from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_your_personal_career_plan, Last Accessed 24th July 2009. Answer.com, 2009, SWOT analysis, Answers Corporation Company, Available from http://www.answers.com/topic/swot-analysis, Last Accessed 24th July 2009. Wikipedia, 2009, SWOT analysis, n.p. Available from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis, Last Accessed 24th July 2009. Fodor, J, Dr, n.d. What is Active Listening? The Elmhurst College Learning Center, Available from http://www.elmhurst.edu/library/learningcenter/Listening/what_is_active_listening.htm, Last Accessed 24th July 2009. Mind Tools, 1995, Body language: Understanding non-verbal communication, Mind Tools Industry, Available from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/Body_Language.htm, Last Accessed 25th July 2009. Richman, H, 1998, 11 Free Tips Improve Studying Results, Sound Feelings, Available from http://www.soundfeelings.com/free/studying.htm, Last Accessed 14th July 2009. Price, G, Maier, M, eds, 2008, Reading Skills, University of Southampton, Available from http://www.studyskills.soton.ac.uk/studytips/reading_skills.htm, Last Accessed 17th July 2009. Lamb, A, and Johnson, L, 1999, Skimming and Scanning, n.p. Available from http://www.42explore.com/skim.htm, Last Accessed 17th July 2009. Student and Community Services Unit, 1986, Note Making, Victoria University of Wellington, Available from http://www.victoria.ac.nz/st_Services/slss/studyhub/notes/Note-making.pdf, Last Accessed 22nd July 2009. Jones, G, and Mort, P, 1994, Note-Taking Skills, The Learning Centre Company, Available from http://www.lc.unsw.edu.au/onlib/pdf/notetake.pdf, Last Accessed 19th July 2009. Mann, B, 2003, Overcome Information Overload with Mind Maps, WebProNews Company, Available from http://www.webpronews.com/topnews/2003/08/20/overcome-information-overload-with-mind-maps, Last Accessed 23rd July 2009. Haughey, D, 2000, SMART Goals, ProjectSmart.co.uk Company, Available from http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/smart-goals.html, Last Accessed 23rd July 2009. Khathijah Abdul Hamid, Dr, 2004, A Guideline for the Development of Learning Outcomes for Courses of Study Offered at Private Higher Education Institutions, Linn-Benton Community College Media Service, Available from http://www.mqa.gov.my/fail/gpanduan/LearningOutcomesBI.pdf, Last Accessed 24th July 2009.

Social Security Essays -- essays research papers

Social Security   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Social Security is a public program designed to provide income and services to individuals in the event of retirement, sickness, disability, death, or unemployment. In the United States, the word social security refers to the programs established in 1935 under the Social Security Act. Societies throughout history have devised ways to support people who cannot support themselves. In 1937 the government began issuing Social Security identification cards to all citizens. Each card had a unique number that the government used to keep track of a person’s earnings and the taxes collected from those earnings that went to finance Social Security benefits. The Social Security Act is an act in which taxes would be deducted from workers earnings to finance both old age benefits and unemployment compensation. The government began collecting Social Security taxes in 1937 and putting them in a trust fund. It was a fund that the government could use to pay benefits, cover administrative costs, and invest in securities to earn interest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since 1935, the U.S. government has modified the Social Security Act more than 20 times by major amendments. One of the first amendments, passed in 1939, added benefit support for the family members of retired workers and for survivors of deceased workers. In 1956, under President Dwight Eisenhower, the U.S. Congress added monthly benefits for disabled workers to Social Security. Along with the amendment of 1939 for benefits to family members and survivors, this new amendment created the form of Social Security that still exists today, which is known as Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI). In 1965, President Lyndon Johnson signed an amendment that created Medicare. Medicare is a program that provides hospital insurance to the elderly, along with supplementary medical insurance for other medical costs. During the 1970s and 1980s, concern arose about the financial integrity of the Social Security trust funds. The balance was shifting between money co ming in from taxes and benefits going out of the funds. The administration of President Ronald Reagan passed a set of major legislative changes to Social Security laws in 1983. These changes included the cancellation and, in some cases, taxation of certain benefits. The Congress also improvised a slight ... ...onesty, we will succeed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am really against the change of the Social Security system because it is going to dismantle the system and it is going to take very hard work to change the system the way he wants it to be. The Social Security system will face a crisis. The plans that President Bush plans to go about will amount to a huge cost. The United States is already in debt, so why make it more in debt? Sources http://www.governmentguide.com/govsite.adp?bread=*Main&url=http%3A//www.governmentguide.com/ams/clickThruRedirect.adp%3F55076483%2C16920155%2Chttp%3A//www.ssa.gov/history/history.html http://www.socialsecurityreform.org/history/index.cfm http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_168800_socialsecuri.htm http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/2002-2003/americas/united_states.html http://www.disabilityresources.org/SS.html http://www.foreignborn.com/self-help/social_sec/6programs.htm http://www.law.cornell.edu/topics/unemployment_compensation.html http://www.law.cornell.edu/topics/medicare.html http://www.newsbatch.com/socialsecurity.htm http://www.swem.wm.edu/GOVDOC/welfare.html Social Security Essays -- essays research papers Social Security   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Social Security is a public program designed to provide income and services to individuals in the event of retirement, sickness, disability, death, or unemployment. In the United States, the word social security refers to the programs established in 1935 under the Social Security Act. Societies throughout history have devised ways to support people who cannot support themselves. In 1937 the government began issuing Social Security identification cards to all citizens. Each card had a unique number that the government used to keep track of a person’s earnings and the taxes collected from those earnings that went to finance Social Security benefits. The Social Security Act is an act in which taxes would be deducted from workers earnings to finance both old age benefits and unemployment compensation. The government began collecting Social Security taxes in 1937 and putting them in a trust fund. It was a fund that the government could use to pay benefits, cover administrative costs, and invest in securities to earn interest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since 1935, the U.S. government has modified the Social Security Act more than 20 times by major amendments. One of the first amendments, passed in 1939, added benefit support for the family members of retired workers and for survivors of deceased workers. In 1956, under President Dwight Eisenhower, the U.S. Congress added monthly benefits for disabled workers to Social Security. Along with the amendment of 1939 for benefits to family members and survivors, this new amendment created the form of Social Security that still exists today, which is known as Old-Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI). In 1965, President Lyndon Johnson signed an amendment that created Medicare. Medicare is a program that provides hospital insurance to the elderly, along with supplementary medical insurance for other medical costs. During the 1970s and 1980s, concern arose about the financial integrity of the Social Security trust funds. The balance was shifting between money co ming in from taxes and benefits going out of the funds. The administration of President Ronald Reagan passed a set of major legislative changes to Social Security laws in 1983. These changes included the cancellation and, in some cases, taxation of certain benefits. The Congress also improvised a slight ... ...onesty, we will succeed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am really against the change of the Social Security system because it is going to dismantle the system and it is going to take very hard work to change the system the way he wants it to be. The Social Security system will face a crisis. The plans that President Bush plans to go about will amount to a huge cost. The United States is already in debt, so why make it more in debt? Sources http://www.governmentguide.com/govsite.adp?bread=*Main&url=http%3A//www.governmentguide.com/ams/clickThruRedirect.adp%3F55076483%2C16920155%2Chttp%3A//www.ssa.gov/history/history.html http://www.socialsecurityreform.org/history/index.cfm http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_168800_socialsecuri.htm http://www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw/2002-2003/americas/united_states.html http://www.disabilityresources.org/SS.html http://www.foreignborn.com/self-help/social_sec/6programs.htm http://www.law.cornell.edu/topics/unemployment_compensation.html http://www.law.cornell.edu/topics/medicare.html http://www.newsbatch.com/socialsecurity.htm http://www.swem.wm.edu/GOVDOC/welfare.html

The Role of the Proof in Math Essay example -- Mathematics Mathematica

The Role of the Proof in Math The notion of proof has long played a key role in the study of mathematics. It is in my opinion the role of proof that separates mathematics from the sciences and other fields of study. It is the existence of proofs that give mathematicians the confidence that their work is credible and thus allows them to continue to build upon prior work without the need to second guess what has previously been accomplished. Based upon this observation, it becomes natural to ask the questions pertaining to the use of proof in learning and understanding mathematics. If the concept of proof is so important to the field of mathematics, then is it possible that by writing proofs and studying proofs that an individual will be better equipped to understand the mathematics for which the proofs pertain? And if this is possible then when should a person be first exposed to proofs and at what level? In this paper I will give my views pertaining to these questions, as well as, a few more of my views pertaining to some other topics related to these questions. Before discussing the virtues of proofs as a means of learning and understanding mathematics, I feel that it is first necessary to begin with a brief discussion of the functions of proof within mathematics. Following I will give a list of the functions of proof that I have comprised from three sources (Hanna [2], Knuth [3], Tucker [6]): 1.verification, the act of arguing that a statement is true 2.explanation,providing reasons for why a statement is true, which in turn may lead to understanding 3.systematization,organizing statements and definitions into a system of axioms, lemmas, theorems, etc. 4.discovery,creating knowledge and new results .. ...ducation, V178 N1, pp. 35-45 [2]Hanna, Gila (2000), â€Å"Proof, Explanation and Exploration: An Overview,† Educational Studies in Mathematics, V44, pp. 5-23 [3]Knuth, Eric (2002), â€Å"Secondary School Mathematics Teachers Conceptions of Proof,† Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, V33, pp.379-405 [4]Lester, Frank K. (1975), â€Å"Developmental Aspects of Children’s Ability to Understand Mathematical Proof,† Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, V6 N1, pp. 14-25 [5]Selden, Annie and Selden, John (2003), â€Å"Validations of Proofs Considered as Texts: Can Undergraduates Tell Whether an Argument Proves a Theorem?,† Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, V34 N1, pp. 4-36 [6]Tucker, Thomas (1999), â€Å"On the Role of Proof in Calculus Courses,† Contemporary Issues in Mathematics Education, MSRI Publications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK

An Analysis of My Last Duchess by Robert Browning Essay -- My Last Duc

An Analysis of My Last Duchess by Robert Browning â€Å"My Last Duchess† is written as a dramatic monologue, which is a poem that is read as if on stage, talking to an audience or character in a play. This method of writing has been used because the poem wants to give one perspective, the Duke’s, in an effective manner. By using this technique, Browning is also silencing the antagonist, the Duchess, and becoming the protagonist. The rhyming scheme consists of rhyming couplets, which give the poem a sense of order, and make the speaker, the Duke in this case, seem well educated and in control of their emotions and actions. These methods of writing help show the character of the protagonist and the way he viewed the traditions during the Victorian times. There are two different views in which this poem can be interpreted, the Marxist, and the feminist. The Marxist view interprets the poem as if the Duke thinks of everything as his object, and the feminist viewpoint makes the Duke look as if he doesn’t treat the Duchess as he should. The Duke’s personality is revealed by different aspects in the poem, for example the rhyming scheme, rhyming couplets, makes the poem flow more easily, which leaves no gaps for interruption. This shows the Duke’s love of being the centre of attention and being in control. The Duke also shows this keenness of control when he says the painting is of â€Å"my last Duchess†, showing he treated her as just another article in his collection of art. The Duke also mentions Frà   Pandolph in his conversation with the count’s servant, showing he is proud of the painting he has of the Duchess and he is showing off about having a great artist to paint this picture that he calls â€Å"a wonder†. How... ...round the abuses and unhealthy attainment of material goods in the Victorian society. The Duke is shown to be a very materialistic person in the way he speaks of the Duchess as if she were an object he had acquired instead of a loving wife. I said `Frà ¡ Pandolph’ by design: This shows the Duke’s materialism, because he is showing off about having such a good artist paint a picture of his last Duchess. The Duke also takes innocent, worthless things, to us, like his â€Å"nine-hundred-years-old name†, which she, according to the Duke, took from him like it was anything else she had been given before by a man. Near the end of the poem, the Duke’s love of control and materialism is summed up in one passage, in which he thinks himself as a powerful God taming a beautiful, excitable animal: Notice Neptune, though, Taming a seahorse, thought a rarity.